How does the theory of plate tectonics explain the formation of mountain ranges?

The theory of plate tectonics provides an explanation for how mountain ranges are formed. At convergent plate boundaries, where tectonic plates collide, immense pressure and heat cause the crust to deform, leading to the uplift of large landforms, ultimately forming mountain ranges. For example, in South Africa, the Drakensberg mountain range was formed by the collision of the African Plate and the Indian Plate. This process, known as orogenesis, is a key concept in Grade 12 Geography and Geomorphology, illustrating the dynamic forces that have shaped the Earth's surface over millions of years.