How does photosynthesis work in plants?

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll absorbs light and initiates the synthesis of glucose. The chemical equation for photosynthesis is:

$$6CO_{2} + 6H_{2}O + light energy \rightarrow C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} + 6O_{2}$$

This fundamental process is what allows plants to produce their own food and release the oxygen that is essential for life on Earth. It is a vital part of the Earth's ecosystem and allows plants to thrive and sustain life.