How did the American colonies gain independence?

The American colonies gained independence through a combination of factors, including the growing spirit of nationalism, the influence of Enlightenment ideals, and significant military victories, such as Saratoga and Yorktown. The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776, formalized the colonies' break from British rule. Additionally, support from foreign powers, such as France, played a crucial role in weakening British forces. Ultimately, the Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially recognized the United States as an independent nation.